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SOIL QUALITY ATTRIBUTES UNDER DIFFERENT AGROECOSYSTEMS AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR AGRICULTURE IN THE CHOKEMOUNTAIN WATERSHED IN ETHIOPIA

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023502

摘要：

● Soil properties varied within coefficients of variation ranging from 7% to 169%.

关键词： agroecosystem Choke Mountain watershed coefficients of variation Ethiopia soil quality indicator

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Urban watershed management under rapid urbanization

Pengfei DU, Haifeng JIA, Shaw L. YU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第5期页码 595-595 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0452-5

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Climate change and sandy land development in Qinghai Lake Watershed, China

SUN Yongliang, LI Xiaoyan, LIU Lianyou, XU Heye, ZHANG Dengshan

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第3期页码 340-348 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0045-5

摘要： The Qinghai Lake Watershed, containing the largest saline lake in northwest of China, has suffered from severe sandy land development in recent years. This paper analyzes its daily precipitation, temperature, and wind from 1958 to 2001, and the spatial and temporal distributions of sandy land through the interpretation of remote sensing images covering four years (1977, 1987, 2000, and 2004). Results showed that since the middle of the 1960s, the daily precipitation () of 0 < ≤ 5 mm decreased, while the > 20 mm increased significantly ( < 0.05) in their annual total amounts and days. The maximum daily precipitation also increased significantly. Both the maximum dry spell and the total dry spell of more than ten days had a significant upward trend. Since the beginning of the 1960s, all the extremely high, extremely low and mean temperatures increased significantly ( < 0.01), at a rate of 0.1°C/10a, 0.2°C/10a, and 0.2°C/10a, respectively. The days with extremely high temperature had a significant upward trend, while the days with extremely low temperature had a significant downward trend. The Qinghai Lake was significantly shrinking ( < 0.01) and provided abundant sediments for Aeolian erosion. The NNW wind prevailed in the watershed, and the largest scale wind was from the west and concentrated on the dry months. As a result, the sandy land was mainly born on the east bank of Qinghai Lake. The total sandy land area in the watershed had grown from 587.4 km, 660.7 km, 697.6 km to 805.8 km, accordingly, its area percentage growing from 2.0%, 2.2%, 2.4% to 2.7%, respectively.

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System engineering for water pollution control at the watershed level in China

Wei MENG,

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第4期页码 443-452 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0037-0

摘要： The present water pollution situation at watershed level in China has been systematically analyzed. The causes of water pollution are attributed to the extensive economic developmental pattern, poor wastewater treatment, and a lack of nonpoint pollution control. The problems of water pollution control at watershed level include a lack of thought and approach, developmental delay in the environmental standard system, an inadequate monitoring ability, and an inefficient implementation of laws and regulations. From 2006 to 2020, water pollution control and governance will be a national key specific project of science and technology in China. The strategies of this project include establishing a water pollution control system at watershed level, orienting a healthy aquatic ecosystem, conducting risk management, and using comprehensive methods. The goal is to establish and complete a technological system of pollution control and management in three five-year phases. The main tasks are to develop common technologies, management systems, and mechanisms for lake eutrophication control, river pollution control, urban water environmental pollution control, potable water safety, and water environmental management. The bottlenecks of water pollution control and management in China could be systematically removed, and the demonstration of the system engineering approach will be conducted at selected key watersheds.

关键词： water pollution control watershed system engineering sustainability integrated watershed management key specific project of science and technology

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流域水生态承载力理论与优化调控模型方法

彭文启

《中国工程科学》 2013年第15卷第3期页码 33-43

摘要：

流域管理正在从环境及资源的单一要素管理向流域水生态系统综合管理转变，流域水生态承载力是流域水生态系统综合管理的基本理论。针对流域水生态完整性保护管理需求，建立了流域水生态承载力概念模型，提出了流域水生态承载力概念，揭示其“分区、分期”属性和“量、质、序”递进综合约束作用等基本内涵，通过分析其优化调控特性及优化调控关键变量，建立了流域水生态承载力分区耦合概念模型，形成了基于系统动力学方法的流域水生态承载力分区分期耦合模型方法，并以辽河太子河流域为例，进行了实例应用。

关键词：流域水生态承载力优化调控模型

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流域生态学及其应用

杨志峰

《工程（英文）》 2018年第4卷第5期页码 582-583 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.08.010

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An approach to calculating allowable watershed pollutant loads

Yu GUO, Haifeng JIA

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第5期页码 658-671 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0446-3

摘要： To improve the management of discharge pollutants loads in the reservoirs’ watershed, an approach of the allowable pollutants loads calculation and its allocation, based on the water environment model, was proposed. Establishment of the approach framework was described at first. Under the guidance of this framework, two major steps were as follows: modeling and scenario analysis were involved and should be applied to support the decision of discharge loads management; Environmental Fluid Dynamic Code (EFDC) model was selected as the kernel model in this framework. In modeling step, spatial discretization for establishing cell map in model, data preprocessing, parameter calibration and uncertainty analysis (which is considered as the significantly relevant factor of the margin of safety (MOS)), were conducted. As a result of the research, the model-based approach presented as a combination of estimation and precise calculation, which contributed to scenario analysis step. Some integrated modules, such as scenario simulation, result analysis and plan optimization were implemented as cycles in the scenario analysis. Finally, allowable pollutant loads under various conditions were calculated. The Chaihe Reservoir in Liaoning Province, China was used as a case study for an application of the approach described above. Results of the Chaihe reservoir water quality simulation, show good agreement with field data and demonstrated that the approach used in the present study provide an efficient and appropriate methodology for pollutant load allocation.

关键词： Source water protection watershed management pollutants load allocation Environmental Fluid Dynamic Code (EFDC) modeling margin of safety statistical analysis

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River Chief System (RCS): An experiment on cross-sectoral coordination of watershed governance

Longfei Wang, Jiaxin Tong, Yi Li

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1157-9

摘要：

The trans-regional characteristics of watershed governance produce more problems beyond the capacity of each individual water-related department, leading to the fragmentation of watershed management. The River Chief System (RCS) has experienced swift developments over the past decade in China by appointing the local government heads as river chiefs. RCS works efficiently in the short-term due to its superiority in the inclusion of clear responsibility, authority, and multi-sectoral collaboration. However, the characteristics of the authority-based vertical coordination of the hierarchical system remain unchanged, and therefore the problems of organizational logic and the responsibility dilemma still exist. Tasks including perfecting of laws, integrated watershed management, and public participation still need to be completed. RCS reflects the routine and characteristics of the migration of national governance, and as such provides new insights for other developing countries in the design of river management systems.

关键词： River Chief System Watershed governance Cross-sectoral coordination Environmental protection

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Control division of agricultural non-point source pollution at medium-sized watershed scale in Southeast

HUANG Jinliang, HONG Huasheng, ZHANG Luoping

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第3期页码 333-339 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0035-7

摘要： This paper presents the study carried out for controlling agricultural non-point source pollution (NSP) in a medium-sized watershed covering 1.47 × 10 km in Southeast China using quantitative analysis coupled with geographic information system (GIS), universal soil loss equation (USLE), soil conservation service-curve number (SCS-CN), nutrient loss equations, and annualized agricultural nonpoint source model (AnnAGNPS). Based on the quantitative results derived from GIS and environmental models, five control division units were generated for NSP control in Jiulong River watershed, namely, controlling unit for soil losses, controlling unit for livestock breeding and soil losses, controlling unit for excessive fertilizer use and livestock breeding, controlling unit for soil losses and fertilizer use, and controlling unit for excessive fertilizer use and soil losses. This study proved that integrating GIS with environmental models can be adopted to efficiently evaluate major sources and contributors of NSP, and identify the critical source areas of NSP, which enables adjusting measures to local conditions by further control division units developed through such study for control and management of water quality degradation induced by NSP in the Jiulong River watershed.

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Water environmental planning and management at the watershed scale: A case study of Lake Qilu, China

HUANG Kai, GUO Huaicheng, LIU Yong, ZHOU Feng, YU Yajuan, WANG Zhen

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第2期页码 157-162 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0011-2

摘要： Water environmental planning and management has become essential for guiding the water pollution control activities. Past water pollution control activities have been site specific, with little thought on water quality standard reaching at the watershed scale. Based on the watershed approach, a seven-step methodological framework for water environmental planning and management was developed. The framework was applied to water environmental planning and management of the Lake Qilu watershed in Yunnan Province, China. Results show that the reduction amount of total nitrogen (TN) under the plan is 1,205 tons per year so that the target of environmental capacity can be reached in 2020. Compared with traditional methods, the framework has its prevalence and could be generalized to analogous watersheds.

关键词： Province environmental planning management traditional watershed approach

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Museum of Wangwu Mountain International Geo-park

LI Baofeng, ZHANG Weining

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第3期页码 261-266 doi: 10.1007/s11709-008-0030-x

摘要： The design for Wangwu Mountain Geological Park Museum emphasizes protecting terrain, geomorphology and natural vegetation, utilization of local materials and traditional craftsmanship, and integrates multi-specialty design into a whole. The idea of green architecture organically guides the designer to create a museum in a remote mountain and creates a special place that is geologically significant in architectural language.

关键词： architectural utilization Geological traditional craftsmanship multi-specialty

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Phenanthrene sorption to environmental black carbon in sediments from the Song-Liao watershed (China)

Jinghuan ZHANG, Mengchang HE, Chunye LIN, Ke SUN, Bin MEN, John L. ZHOU,

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第4期页码 434-442 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0150-0

摘要： Black carbon (BC) in ten contaminated sediments from the Song-Liao watershed, NE China, was isolated upon treatments using a combustion method at 375°C, and the isolates’ sorption isotherms for phenanthrene (Phen) were determined. All sorption isotherms were nonlinear and fitted well by the Freundlich model. A negative relation was found between Freundlich sorption nonlinearity parameter ( values) and BC/total organic carbon (TOC) content of the original sediments (=0.687, <0.01), indicating the dominance of BC in Phen sorption nonlinearity. The BC isolates from this industrialized region had values of 0.342 to 0.505 and log values of 6.02 to 6.42(μg·kg·OC)/(μg·L) for Phen. At a given , the BC had higher value than the original sediments, revealing a higher sorption capacity for BC. BC was responsible for 50.0% to 87.3% of the total sorption at =0.05 , clearly indicating the dominance of BC particles in overall sorption of Phen by sediments.

关键词： phenanthrene sorption black carbon sediment Song-Liao watershed

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秦巴山脉绿色城乡人居环境发展研究

吴左宾,敬博,郭乾,李炬,魏阿妮

《中国工程科学》 2016年第18卷第5期页码 60-67 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2016.05.009

摘要：

秦巴山脉横跨南北地理空间，是我国的中央水库和国家绿肺。由于地形条件的约束，秦巴山脉逐渐成为我国经济发展的洼地和贫困多发地区，内部生态环境保护与社会经济发展诉求的冲突巨大。课题首先剖析了秦巴山脉地区面临着生态保护与城乡发展的布局冲突、绿色发展与城乡空间的建设脱节两方面的问题，进而提出“生态先导，绿色为本”的发展战略。在“生态先导”战略上，划定秦巴山脉地区的生态安全格局，从人口、产业和城乡空间分布方面实现“生态先导”的人居环境空间整合。在“绿色为本”的战略上，总结城乡布局模式、构建交通支撑系统和特色风貌体系，构建“绿色为本”的城乡人居环境模式。最终实现秦巴山脉城乡人居环境的绿色发展，为我国城乡人居环境营建提供借鉴。

关键词：秦巴山脉城乡人居环境绿色发展生态空间

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秦巴山脉区域农业经济绿色发展战略

刘旭,梅旭荣,杨世琦,杨正礼,邢磊,刘宏元

《中国工程科学》 2020年第22卷第1期页码 9-17 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2020.01.002

摘要：

协同推进秦巴山脉区域的生态环境保护与经济产业发展，农业经济绿色发展是关键内容。本文根据秦巴山脉区域绿色循环发展的研究需求，深入分析该区域农业经济的现状，凝练农业经济绿色发展的指导思想和战略目标；从农业发展政策、土地规模化经营、引导人才和资本定向流动、农业产业技术升级、劳动力素质提升、产业融合发展、世界名山品牌树立等方面完整阐述农业经济绿色发展的创新路径；针对性提出保障措施：推动区域发展的共同认识与学术研讨、示范农业经营的规模化/ 品牌化/ 专业化、建立农村产业金融机制、转变地方政府职能、优化基层组织作用、统筹城乡发展空间等。研究建议，设立秦巴山脉区域农业经济绿色经济发展特区，通过生态制度创新引导区域内的社会、经济、生态绿色可持续发展。

关键词：秦巴山脉区域农业经济绿色发展

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A refined risk explicit interval linear programming approach for optimal watershed load reduction with

Pingjian YANG,Feifei DONG,Yong LIU,Rui ZOU,Xing CHEN,Huaicheng GUO

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第1期页码 129-140 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0683-8

摘要： To enhance the effectiveness of watershed load reduction decision making, the Risk Explicit Interval Linear Programming (REILP) approach was developed in previous studies to address decision risks and system returns. However, REILP lacks the capability to analyze the tradeoff between risks in the objective function and constraints. Therefore, a refined REILP model is proposed in this study to further enhance the decision support capability of the REILP approach for optimal watershed load reduction. By introducing a tradeoff factor ( ) into the total risk function, the refined REILP can lead to different compromises between risks associated with the objective functions and the constraints. The proposed model was illustrated using a case study that deals with uncertainty-based optimal load reduction decision making for Lake Qionghai Watershed, China. A risk tradeoff curve with different values of was presented to decision makers as a more flexible platform to support decision formulation. The results of the standard and refined REILP model were compared under 11 aspiration levels. The results demonstrate that, by applying the refined REILP, it is possible to obtain solutions that preserve the same constraint risk as that in the standard REILP but with lower objective risk, which can provide more effective guidance for decision makers.

关键词： refined risk explicit interval linear programming decision making objective-constraint uncertainty tradeoff aspiration level Lake Qionghai Watershed